Hair loss is a common issue that affects millions of men worldwide. It occurs more frequently in older men, but it can also occur in younger men, even as early as the late teens. Thinning or balding hair is not usually a serious medical concern (although it can be a sign of illness), but it can have a huge emotional impact.
What is the emotional impact of hair loss for men?
Our hair is a key part of our identity, and changes can fracture the sense of self and even trigger depression and anxiety. In an age that places a high premium on a youthful appearance, a receding hairline or thin lacklustre locks can be a source of stress and shame.
This can lead to increasing loss of social confidence and isolation, as balding men may perceive themselves as less attractive than others, and feel less confident about starting new relationships or even furthering their careers.
However, our culture often discourages men from discussing their fears and anxieties openly, especially when it comes to their appearance. It is more likely that men will cover up their feelings with a joke or self-deprecation, or just dwell silently on them until they are out of proportion and affecting their overall mental wellbeing.
What are the genetic factors that cause hair loss?
In over 90 per cent of cases, male hair loss is caused by a genetic condition called androgenetic alopecia, more commonly known as male pattern baldness (MPB). This is a hereditary condition that is passed down through both sides of the family, maternal and paternal.
MBP occurs when the hair follicles react to a hormone called dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is a derivative of the male hormone testosterone. A common misconception is that male baldness is a sign of high testosterone levels, but this is not true. DHT is produced from testosterone, but in some men, the hair follicles are more sensitive to DHT.
Gradually, the hair follicles shrink and the growth cycles become shorter. The hair that does grow may appear finer or thinner than previously, and receding typically occurs at the temples, followed by the crown. Some men may eventually go completely bald.
Genetic hair loss cannot be prevented, although the effects can be slowed or even reversed with an oral treatment called Finasteride, which can be bought cheaply online. It works by inhibiting the production of DHT, and is most effective when the treatment is begun in the early stages, before the hair follicles have completely died.
What Lifestyle Factors Can Cause Hair Loss?
As we have seen, genetics play the largest role in male hair loss. However, certain lifestyle factors can accelerate the rate of hair loss, or even trigger early onset. Here’s a look at some of the possible non-genetic causes of hair loss.
Diet and nutrition
Hair is made of a protein called keratin, and it requires a range of nutrients to grow healthily and remain in good condition. In particular, a deficiency of biotin, iron, protein, or zinc can cause noticeable thinning of the hair and slow down growth cycles.
This vitamin deficiency might occur due to a poor diet with a limited amount of fresh fruits and vegetables, nuts, dairy products or whole grains. It could also be the result of an illness such as Chron’s disease, which prevents the body from absorbing the nutrients it needs to stay healthy.
Stress
Prolonged episodes of stress can temporarily halt the hair growth cycle, triggering a condition called telogen effluvium, which is the shedding phase. This can right itself once the stressful episode has passed, and should not lead to permanent hair loss. Stress management techniques such as meditation or exercise may help.
Smoking and Alcohol Consumption
Smoking impairs blood circulation and prevents an adequate supply from reaching the scalp, which can lead to thin or lifeless hair. There is also some evidence that smoking elevates DHT levels, which can exacerbate MPB. Alcohol impairs nutrient absorption and dehydrates the body, which can contribute to hair loss.
Certain Hair Styles
Wearing the hair in tight hair styles such as braids, cornrows, or ponytails can put extra stress on the roots of the hair and cause them to weaken and break. It’s advisable to rest the hair from such styles from time to time, and avoid excessively brushing your hair or using too many styling products or tools.
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